Browsing by Author "Hamazasbian, Vartkes"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Թոնդրակեցիների Շարժումը Թ-ԺԱ. Դարերում
    (1973) Hamazasbian, Vartkes
    During the reign of the Bagratooni rulers, from the 9th century to the 11th, newer interrelations of social classes paralleled the economic progress in Armenia. Besides the nobility and the great traders, individual clergymen and convents received ownership of vast lands and riches on the one hand, and on the other, the rural masses and craftsmen rose in conflict against the nobility and the clergy under the cover of religious movements or in overt uprising. Of these rebellious movements, equipped with religious profession, the one outstanding was that of the Tondrake community, whose founder and ideologist was Sempad of Zarehavan, from the village of Zarehavan in the province of Dzalgotn. Sempad of Zarehavan and his followers waged bitter war against the religious leaders and rejected most of the ecclesiastical rites and religious traditions, such as baptism, marriage, communion, mortuary feast for the poor, requiem ceremony, etc., which, according to the ideology of the Tondrake community, mainly enhanced the material prosperity of the church and its leaders. The people of Tondrake professed the omnipresence of God and rejected materialism. They knew no discrimination between men and women, and allowed the latter to preach. In the 10th century, the ideology of the Tondrake community won great popularity, even in the ranks of the nobility and the clergy. Soon, however, the nobility and the clergy contrived against the Tondrake community a warfare that found its cruellest perpetration in Sunik. After engaging in ideological and armed conflict for two hundred years, the Tondrake community was peremptorily defeated in 1052 at the hands of the armies of the governor of Mesopotamia, Gregory Magistrus.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Հայ Գաղթավայրերի Առաջացումը
    (1971) Hamazasbian, Vartkes
    The Armenian Diaspora has a very ancient history. Armenian and foreign sources already speak of its development in the early years of the Armenia’s existence and its continuous through the ages. In this study the author first examines the formation of the Armenian colonies during the Achaemenid period, the time of Alexander the Great, and up through the reign of king Tigranes the Great. Then the author discusses the formation of other colonies as a result of Sasanid and Byzantine policies towards the Armenians, stressing the role of the Armenians in the Byzantine Empire and the founding of totally new centers of Armenian life.