Արցախահայերը Բաքուի նաֆթարդիւնաբերութեան հիմնադիրներ եւ բարեգործներ (ԺԹ. դարի երկրորդ կէս-Ի. դարասկիզբ)
| dc.contributor.author | Գէորգ Ստեփանեան | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-06-29T07:17:00Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2026-06-29T07:17:00Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2022 | |
| dc.description.abstract | The Armenians of Baku, particularly the Artsakh Armenians, who lived in the city between the 1850s and 1910s, played a critical role in the production of oil and the rapid rise of the social economic status of the under-developed city of Baku. In a sense they became economic tigers and pioneers in developing and putting the oil production of Baku on the international map. The paper highlights the role played by a number of economic tycoons who were born in Artsakh and then left for Baku. Armenians who owned major oil wells in Baku include the brothers Arafelyan, the Ghukasyans, the Krasilnikyans, the Grigor and Hovsep Tumayan brothers, Grigor Dildaryan, Musayel Shahgedanyan and many others. The paper argues that the initial solid steps taken for the development of the Baku oil industry were due to the hard work and endless efforts of a number of Armenian oil moguls who traded the Baku oil on international markets using their oil tankers. Almost all representatives of the Armenian capitalist class in Baku, including those from Artsakh, allocated significant portions of their huge wealth to charitable purposes. The sponsorship was mainly directed to the construction of hospitals, schools, national theaters and other cultural centers, as well as disaster victims and orphans; material assistance was allocated to benevolent organizations, etc. During World War I, Ottoman Turkey planned to invade Baku and was instrumental in the proclamation of a state called "Oguzakan". However, the state was proclaimed as "Greater Azerbaijan" and was to hold the triangular territory lying between the Black Sea, the Caspian Sea and Iran. Such a state was to be realized at the expense of Armenian territory, which was to be ethnically cleansed of its indigenous population. On September 15, 1918 a Turkish army captured Baku with the support of the local Tatars' Musavat Party. The occupation led to a three-day massacre, which cost the lives of some 30,000 Armenians, followed by expulsions and persecution of the resident Armenians. The paper argues that the Baku massacres should be considered as the continuation of the Genocide of Western Armenians in 1915-1916, as it implies the realization of a political plan, the establishment of a Pan-Turkic entity. The paper notes that anti-Armenian policies remained on the agenda of the state of Soviet Azerbaijan. Indeed, the Soviet Azeri state did everything within its capacity to pauperize the Armenians, persecute them and sideline them in its domestic politics. The paper notes that by the decree of May 24, 1920 of the Revolutionary Committee of Azerbaijan on the nationalization of the oil Industry the activities of the "Baku Union of Oil Producers" was terminated. The Armenian oil companies were "nationalized", and the "State Union of Azerbaijani Oil Industry ("Azneft") was formed. | |
| dc.identifier.citation | Ստեփանեան, Գ., «Արցախահայերը Բաքուի նաֆթարդիւնաբերութեան հիմնադիրներ եւ բարեգործներ (ԺԹ. դարի երկրորդ կէս-Ի. դարասկիզբ)», «Հայկազեան հայագիտական հանդէս», 2022, 42/2, Պէյրութ, էջ 329-366 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://haigrepository.haigazian.edu.lb/handle/123456789/1492 | |
| dc.title | Արցախահայերը Բաքուի նաֆթարդիւնաբերութեան հիմնադիրներ եւ բարեգործներ (ԺԹ. դարի երկրորդ կէս-Ի. դարասկիզբ) |
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