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Item Վահան Թէքէեանը ժամանակակիցներու նամակներուն մէջ(1981) Վաչէ ՂազարեանVahan Tekeyan (1878–1945), the prominent Armenian poet, is often discussed in the letters of his contemporaries. The author quotes from the unpublished letters of Yervant Odian, Onnig Chifte-Sarraf, Arpiar Arpiarian, Diran Chrakian and Shahan Shahnour, all well-known Armenian writers. The letters are kept in the Museum of Literature and Arts of Yerevan.Item Անթապ (Andiabe) - Այնթապ պատմա-բանասիրական ճշգրտումներ(1981) Սուրէն Մ. ՍահակեանAccording to the Armenian History of Ain’tab (editor: K. A. Sarafian, Vols. I, II, Los Angeles, 1953) the city of Aintab in Cilicia was rebuilt in the X and XI centuries by the Armenians who had migrated there from the different villages of the province of Antab (Andiabe) of Greater Armenia. Antab is the historical Alashkert of Armenia, some of whose natives were able to escape the 1915–1918 massacres. These natives, who now live in Soviet Armenia, still keep their dialect. Thus, the dialect of Antab (Andiabe) has survived in two branches, those of Aintab and Alashkert. Based upon the above-mentioned fact, the author develops his study under the following subtitles: About the Question Concerning the Name Antab (Andiabe), Aintab (in Cilicia), Philological Verifications, Etymology of the Dialectical Words in the Colophones, and a comparative Dictionary.Item Մի քանի նոր գրչագրեր(1981) Լեւոն Գ. ՄինասեանThe author presents ten new Armenian manuscripts, of which six are found in New Julfa, two in Teheran, one in London, and one in the Penaki Museum of Athens. Six of these manuscripts are Gospels copied in the years of 1480, 1582, 1630, 17th c., 1933 and 1938. One of the manuscripts is a Barzadoumar — Hymn book (1660?); the other is a Dictionary — Compilation (1845), and the remaining two are entitled The Childhood of Christ (18th c.) and The History of Ludwig and Alexander (18th c.).Item Հայկական Գորգարուեստ. ՀԱՐՑԱԴՐՈՒՄՆԵՐ ԵՒ ՈՒՍՈՒՄՆԱՍԻՐՈՒԹԵԱՆ ՍԿԶԲՈՒՆՔՆԵՐ(1981) Վահրամ ԹաթիկեանDuring the last century most studies devoted to oriental carpets have categorized them as: “Anatolian”, “Caucasian”, “Persian”, “Middle-Asian” and “Chinese”, failing to distinguish the Armenian carpet, which by its own particular aspects of art does not really fall under the above-mentioned categories. The art of Armenian carpet weaving has its roots deep in the Urartian (IX–VI centuries B.C.) culture, and bears the influence of the Armenian pagan religion, ethnology, and folklore. A thorough knowledge of these fields makes possible a meaningful study of the Armenian carpet. And only through a study of the semantics of the Armenian carpet will it be possible to evaluate and acknowledge the particular place of the Armenian carpet in oriental carpets.Item Հայազգի Աթաբեկ եւ Մուսուլի Սուլթան Պատր Էտ Տին Լուլու(1981) Պերճ ՍապպաղեանBadr al-Din Lulu al-Armani had been purchased as a slave by a tailor in Mosul, and then later sold to the Sultan of the same city. As a result of his exceptional capabilities and initiative, he was able to occupy the positions of Atabek (1210–1219) and later Sultan (1219–1259) of Mosul. He was an Armenian by origin and most probably came from the area of Khlat in the province of Vaspurakan in Armenia. According to chronicles, Badr al-Din Lulu was an extraordinarily energetic, wise, cunning, pious, and generous patron and supporter of literature and the arts. Mosul’s most illustrious period of architecture was that of Badr al-Din Lulu. He also minted copper fils and gold dinars with unique inscriptions.Item Նացի Գերմանիոյ եւ փան-թուրանականներու ծրագիրները Կովկասի մէջ (1941թ.)(1981) Զաւէն ՄսըրլեանWhen in 1942 Germany undertook its second attack against the Soviet Union under its code name of Ost, it had already decided to occupy the Caucasus, annihilate a large part of the population of Armenia, and deprive the country of political and national-cultural rights. This German plan particularly interested Turkey, which sought to realize its pan-Turanian ambitions through the assistance of Germany, whose military operations depended upon the cooperation of Turkey. Within the German ruling class the conflicting pro-Georgian and pro-Turkish factions created difficulties for Turkey. However, the defeat of Germany put an end to all German and Turkish plans in the Caucasus.Item The Life and Times of Catholicos Nerses III Tayetsi(1981) Rev. Manuel JinbashianՆերսէս Գ. Կաթողիկոս Տայեցիի իշխանութեան ժամանակաշրջանը (641-662 թթ.) կը զուգադիպի հայ ժողովուրդի քաղաքական, եկեղեցական, ընկերային եւ հասարակական կեանքի ամենէն ճգնաժամային պահերէն մէկուն: Տայեցի, որ իր կարելի միջոցերով կը պայքարի վերոյիշեալ բոլոր ճակատներուն վրայ, ձեռնամուխ կ'ըլլայ նաեւ շինարարական աշխատանքներու: Զուարթնոցի տաճարին կառուցումը կը հանդիսանայ շինարարական ճիգերուն փառքն ու պսակը:Item Grigor of Tat'ev. A Great Scholastic Theologian and Philosopher (XIVth C.)(1981) Mesrob K. KrikorianԱստուածաբան, փիլիսոփայ եւ մանկավարժ Գրիգոր Տաթեւացի ուշ միջնադարու հայ եկեղեցւոյ ամենէն հեղինակաւոր դէմքերէն մէկը կը հանդիսանայ: Անոր մեկնաբանական, աստուածաբանական եւ իմաստասիրական երկերը՝ թելադրուած Հայաստանեայց եկեղեցւոյ գերագոյն շահերէն եւ ժամանակի մտաւորական պահանջներէն, կը ներկայացնեն հայ իմացական աշխարհի լաւագոյն ստեղծագործութիւններէն ոմանք: Գրիգոր Տաթեւացիի երկերուն եւրոպական լեզուներու թարգմանութիւնը անկասկած անոր պիտի բերէ միջազգային ճանաչում եւ հռչակ:Item Արդի հայ ճարտարապետութեան ազգային ինքնատիպութիւնը(1981) Կարէն ԲալեանAfter a survey of the sixty years of modern Armenian architecture in Armenia, the author studies in detail a number of urbanization plans, monuments, and architectural complexes of Armenia, and concludes that the national characteristics of modern Armenian architecture often are expressed in different ways: in closed forms, in the reinterpretation of the traditional manipulations of architectural space, and in the integration of the citations derived from the rich treasure of Armenian historical architecture.Item Միջնադարեան Հայաստանի քաղաքների առեւտրա-հասարակական կեդրոնների ճարտարապետական եւ քաղաքաշինական առանձնայատկութիւնները(1981) Դաւիթ Գ. ԿերտմենջեանDuring the 10–13th centuries, Armenia witnessed an unprecedented economic growth. More than thirty Armenian cities participated in international trade, not only through exchanging foreign goods, but also by marketing their own products. Because of the increase in trade and commerce, the plans as well as the extensional dimensions of the architectural constructions of commercial centers in Armenian cities began to expand and take on new forms. Taking into account the above-mentioned historical evidence, the article studies the architectural characteristics of the commercial and trade centers of the five most important cities located on the Northern Road of Armenia, namely: Ani, Lori, Kars, Karin (Erzrum), and Papert.Item V. NERCESSIAN (EDITOR), "ESSAYS ON ARMENIAN MUSIC", Kahn and Averill Publication, London, 1978, 222 pp.(1980) Անդրանիկ վրդ. ԿռանեանItem Սփիւռքահայ նոր պարբերական մամուլը 1967-1980 թթ.ուն (մատենագիտական փորձ)(1980) Ժիրայր ԴանիէլեանIn the last decade approximately two hundred new periodicals started to be published in the Armenian Diaspora, especially in U.S.A., Europe, Iran and even in some African countries. The reasons behind this movement are the new waves of Armenian migration from the Middle East to Europe and U.S.A.; the revolutionary tendencies among the Armenian new generation, especially after the 50th anniversary commemoration of the Armenian Genocide in 1965; the revolution in Iran; and the trend of returning to the Armenian national roots. The list of the new periodicals has been prepared in alphabetical order, and only the first part is presented in this article. The second part will be published in the next issue of the Review.Item Մելքոն Կիւրճեանի բառապաշարին որոշ տարրերը(1980) Պարոյր ԱղպաշեանMelkon Gurdjian (1859-1915), the well-known Armenian short story writer, who was one of the forerunners of provincial literature, equally illustrates himself as one of the reformers of western Armenian literary language. The article studies Melkon Gurdjian's lexicon, taking into consideration specially the worn-out words of his vocabulary and their meaning, old Armenian (grabar) elements, dialectical aspects, rarely used words, and new words coined and constructed by him.Item 1667թ. Հայ-ռուսական առեւտրական պայմանագիրը եւ Նոր Ջուղայի ինքնավար մարմինները(1980) Շուշանիկ ԽաչիկեանIt has been accepted by historians that the Armeno-Russian trade agreement of 1667 was signed by the representatives of the Russian government on one side, and the Armenian Trade Company of New Julfa (Persia) on the other. After carefully studying the available primary sources concerning the business and trade activities of the Armenian community of New Julfa and its administrative bodies, the author has concluded that there has never been an Armenian Trade Company in New Julfa in the European sense of it. R. Romotamsky and K. Loussigov, who signed the 1667 agreement, were the authorized representatives of the autonomous board of New Julfa. The ruling board of the autonomous city of New Julfa were represented by the twenty governors of the city's twenty independent quarters, by the head of the trade unions and by the kalantar (the board leader, who was elected by the community and approved by the Shah). All members of the ruling board came from the very rich merchant families, known as khojas. In the article also is discussed the rights, obligations, and activities of the ruling board of the autonomous city of New Julfa.Item Տիգրան Բ.ի եւ Տիգրան Դ.ի մէկ քանի անտիպ, միական դրամներ(1980) Ասպետ ՏօնապետեանTwenty two unpublished copper coins of the Artaxiad kings of Armenia are discussed in the article. In each case, the exact measurements, namely weight and diameter are given in grams and centimetres. The first 19 coins are attributed to Tig-Hranes II, and coins numbered 20, 21 and 22 are attributed to Tigranes IV. The last two coins numbered 23 and 24 also belong to Tigranes IV, but they are included only for the sake of comparison. Some of the coins differ slightly from already known or published coins; therefore, they are mere variants. On the other hand, coins numbered 5, 6, 9, 16, 17, 21 and 22 represent altogether new types. All coins discussed in the article, belong to the author's collection.Item Հեթում Ա.ի Հեթում-Զապէլ եւ երկլեզուեան դրամներու մասին(1980) Պերճ ՍապպաղեանDuring the long period of his reign, King Hethum I (1226- 1270) of Cilician Armenia, continuously has mint only two types of silver coins: namely the Hethum-Zabel coins and the one known as the bilingual coins. In the Armenian historiography the tendency has been to explain the reason behind these coins as follows: Hethum-Zabel coins were mint to prove the legitimate right of Zabel for the throne, while the bilingual coins were mint as a token evidence of the Seljuk suzerainty over Cilicia. In this article, after a thorough study, the author concludes that the two types of coins were mint because of economic and commercial reasons. These coins helped Cilician Armenia to penetrate and open new markets in the neighbouring countries.Item Սումերու եւ հայ-սումերական յարաբերութիւններու հարցի մասին(1980) Երուանդ Հ. ՔասունիIn the last two decades a tendency has started to pave its way in the Armenian historiography, trying to prove a relation in the Sumerian and the Armenian languages, and hence, a close relation between Sumerians and Armenians, which has developed, according to the trend, on the Armenian Plateau, where the Sumerians have lived before migrating to southern Mesopotamia. After a detailed survey of modern historiographical evidences and conclusions on the question of Sumerian origin and language, the author concludes: A. There is no scientific evidence to defend the speculation that the Sumerians have lived on the Armenian Plateau, B. The Sumerian traces in the Armenian language, and the Sumerian influence on the old Armenian beliefs and traditions are carried to Armenia by the Hurrians.